Mesothelioma References - Pleural Mesothelioma

What is Mesothelioma?
"Mesothelioma (malignant)"

Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer. It affects the linings of the cavities around the lungs, stomach, and heart. It is caused by inhaling asbestos fibers, but the cancer usually does not appear until 10 to 40 years after a person first inhales asbestos.

References

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1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Asbestos manufacture, importation, processing, and distribution in commerce prohibitions. Final Rule. Federal Register 1989; 54/132:29462-29513.

2. EU Commission Directive 91/659/EEC. Official Journal L.363.31/12/1991, p.36-38.

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20. World Health Organization (WHO). A recommended method by phase-contrast optical microscopy (membrane filter method). Geneva: WHO; 1997.

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27. Commission of the European Communities (CEC). Public health risks of exposure to asbestos. Bruxelles: CEC; 1977.

28. World Health Organization (WHO). Occupational exposure limits for asbestos. Geneva: WHO; 1989.

29. International Programme on Chemical Safety/World Health Organization (IPCS/WHO). Reduction of asbestos in the environment ICS/89.34). Geneva: International programme on Chemical Safety; 1989.

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30. Commission of the European Communities (CEC). Communication 426. Bruxelles: CEC; 1996.

31. International Programme on Chemical Safety/World Health Organization (IPCS/WHO). Chrysotile Asbestos. Environmental Health Criteria 203. Geneva: WHO 1998.

32. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Occupational exposure limits 1995/1996. Cincinnati (OH): ACGIH; 1996.

33. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Occupational exposure to asbestos; Final Rule. Federal Register 1994; 59:40964-41158.

34. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). 2001 threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents & biological exposure indices. Cincinnati (OH): ACGIH: 2001.

35. Pravilnik o maksimalno dopustivim koncentracijama stetnih tvari u atmosferi radnih prostorija i prostora i o bioloskim granicnim vrijednostima [Threshold limit values of hazardous materials in the air of work premises and biological threshold limits, in Croatian]. Narodne novine 1992/1993; (92): 2088-111.

36. US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Airborne asbestos health assessment update. EPA/600/8-84/003F. Washington (DC): Environmental Protection Agency; 1986.

37. Dement JM, Wallingford KM. Comparison of phase contrast and electron microscopic methods for evaluation of occupational asbestos exposures. Appl. Occup Environ Hyg 1990;5:242-7.

38. Dement JM, Brown DP, Okun A. Follow-up study of chrysotile asbestos textile workers: cohort mortality and case control analyses. Am J Ind Med 1994;26:431-47.

39. Dement JM, Brown DP. Lung cancer mortality among asbestos textile workers: a review and update. Ann Occup Hyg 1994;38:525-532.

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40. Stayner L, Smith R, Bailer J et al. Exposure Ð response analysis of respiratory disease associated with occupational exposure to chrysotile asbestos. Occup Environ Med 1997;54:646-652.

41. LaDou J, Landrigan P. Bailer J, Foa V, Frank A. on behalf of the Collegium Ramazzini. A call for an international ban on asbestos. Can Med Ass J 2001; 20:489- 490.

42. Berry G. Models for mesothelioma incidence following exposure to fibers in terms of timing and duration of exposure and the biopersistence of the fibers. Inhalation Toxicol 1999;11:11-30.

43. Landrigan PJ, Nicholson WJ, Suzuki Y, LaDou J. The hazards of chrysotile asbestos: a critical review. Indust Health 1999:37:271-80.

44. Dement J. Differences in carcinogenicity between asbestos types. 2001 EPA Asbestos Health Effects Conference; May 2001; Oakland (CA) [cited 10 March 2002]. Available from URL: http://www.epa.gov.swerrims/ahec/summary.htm

45. Hodgson JT, Darnton A. The quantitative risks of mesothelioma and lung cancer in relation to asbestos exposure. Ann Occup Hyg 2000; 44:565-601.

46. Smith AH, Wright CC. Chrysotile asbestos is the main cause of pleural mesothelioma. Am J Ind Med 1996;30:252-66.

47. McDonald JC, Liddell FDK, Dufresne A, McDonald AD. The 1891-1920 birth cohort of Quebec chrysotile miners and millers: mortality 1976-1988. Br J Ind Med 1993; 50:1072-81.

48. Liddell D. Cancer mortality in chrysotile mining and milling: exposure-response. Ann Occup Hyg 1994; 38:519-23.

49. Gibbs, GW, Valic F, Browne K, editors. Health risks associated with chrysotile asbestos. Ann Occup Hyg 1994; 38:399-426.

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50. McDonald JC, McDonald AD. Chrysotile, tremolite, and carcinogenicity. Ann Occup Hyg 1997; 41:699-705.

51. McDonald AD, Case BW, Churg A et al. Mesothelioma in Quebec chrysotile miners and millers: epidemiology and aetiology. Ann Occup Hyg 1997; 41:707-19.

52. Liddell FDK, McDonald AD, McDonald JC. The 1891-1920 birth cohort of Quebec chrysotile miners and millers Ð development from 1904 and mortality to 1992. Ann Occup Hyg 1997; 41:13-36.

53. McDonald JC. Carcinogenicity of fibrous tremolite in workplace and general environments. 2001 EPA Asbestos Health Effects Conference; May 2001; Oakland (CA) [cited 10 March 2002]. Available from URL:http://www.epa.gov/swerrims/ahec

54. Suzuki Y, Yuen SR. Asbestos tissue burden study on human malignant mesothelioma. Indust Health 2001; 39:150-60.

55. Valic F. Risk assessment of non-occupational asbestos exposure Ð can it be done? Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 1988; 39:499-505.

56. Valic F. Some health aspects of environmental asbestos exposure. Proceedings of the AIA/NIOSH International Colloquium on Dust Measurement Techniques and Strategy. Budapest: National Institute of Occupational Health; 1991. p. 24-45.

57. Valic F. Influence of exposure conversions and activity-specific exposure Ð response relationships on the chrysotile asbestos risk assessment. In: Gibbs GW, Dunnigan J, Kido M. Higashi T, editors. Health Risks from exposure to mineral fibres: an international perspective. North York (NY) Ontario: Captus Press Inc.1993. p.129-35.

58. Berman DW. Assessing asbestos-related risk: new thinking / new protocol. 2001 EPA Asbestos Health Effects Conference; May 2001; Oakland (CA) [cited March 10 2002]. Available from URL: http://www.epa.gov/swerrims.ahec.

59. McDonald JC, McDonald AD. The epidemiology of mesothelioma in historical context. Eur Respir J 1996;9:1932-42.

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60. Carbone M, Fisher S, Powers A, Pass HI, Rizzo P. New molecular and epidemiological issues in mesothelioma: role of SV40. J Cellul Physiol 1999; 180:167-72.

61. Mayall FG, Jacobson G, Wilkins R. Mutations of p53 gene and SV40 sequences in asbestos associated and non-asbestos associated mesothelioma. J Clin Pathol 1999;52:291-293.

62. Bocchetta M, Di Resta I, Powers A, Fresco R. Tosolini A, Testa JR, et al. Human mesothelial cells are unusually susceptible to simian virus 40 Ð mediated transformation and asbestos cocarcinogenicity. Proc Nat Acad Sci 2000;97:10214-9.

63. LeBel J. Review of fibre concentrations in asbestos mines and Quebec asbestos mining towns. Sherbrooke: Quebec Asbestos Mining Association; 1995.

64. Robock K. Comparison of different measuring procedures in relation to conditions at the work place. In: Fischer M, Meyer E, editors. Assessment of the cancer risk from asbestos. BBA Schriften No.2, 1984.

65. National Research Council, US National Academy of Sciences. Asbestiform fibers: non-occupational health risks. Washington (DC): National Academy Press, 1984.

66. US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Regulatory impact analysis of controls on asbestos and asbestos products. Technical Report Vol. 1. Washington, DC; US EPA; 1988.

67. Berry G, Newhouse ML. Mortality of workers manufacturing friction materials using asbestos. Br J Indust Med 1983;40;1-7.

68. McDonald AD, Fry JC, Wooley AJ, McDonald JC. Dust exposure and mortality in an American chrysotile asbestos friction products plant. Br J Indust Med 1984:41:151-7.

69. McDonald JC. Health implications of environmental exposure to asbestos. Environ Health Perspect 1985;62:319-28.

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70. Valic F, Asbestos risk in vehicle manufacture, maintenance and repair. In: Reduction of asbestos in the environment. Geneva: International Programme on Chemical Safety / World Health Organization, 1989, 73-99.

71. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (WHO/Europe). Asbestos. Final meeting on air quality guidelines for the European region. Copenhagen: WHO/Europe; 1986.

72. World Health Organization (WHO). Guidelines for drinking water quality, Geneva: WHO; 1984.

73. World Health Organization (WHO). Air quality guidelines for Europe. WHO Regional Publications, European Series No.23. Copenhagen: WHO/Europe;1987.